Political leadership

King and Prime Minister Salman bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 23 January 2015)

Crown Prince and Deputy Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia Mohammed bin Salman bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (Since 21 June 2017)

Land

Total 2,149,690 sq km; Land 2,149,690 sq km; Water (0) sq Km; (country comparison to the world: 14)

Boundaries

Total: 4,272 km

Border countries

Iraq	811 km	Jordan	731 km	Kuwait	221 km
Oman	658 km	Qatar	87 km	UAE	457 km
Yemen	1,307 km

Coastline

2,640 km

Population

32.55 million (2017 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 24.7% 15-64 years: 72.1% 65+ 3.2% (2017 est.)

Population growth rate

2.52% (2017 est.)

Urbanisation

83.8% of total population (2018)

Major cities

RIYADH (capital) 6.907 million, Jeddah 4.433 million, Mecca 1.967 million, Medina 1.430 million, Ad Dammam 1.197 million (2018 est.)

Ethnic groups

Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%

Religions

Muslim (official; citizens are 85-90% Sunni and 10-15% Shia), other (includes Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, Hindu, Buddhist, and Sikh) (2012 est.)

Languages

Arabic (official)

Literacy

(Age 15+ can read and write) total population: 94.7%; male: 97%; female: 91.1% (2015 est.)

Real GDP

$684.99 billion (2017); $690.07 billion (2016)

GDP growth

-0.74% (2017); 1.67% (2016)

GDP per capita (PPP)

$20,796.3 (2017 est.); $21,380.4 (2016 est.)

Unemployment rate

5.52% (2017 est.); 5.65% (2016 est.)

Population below poverty line

NA

Public debt

17.2% of GDP (2017 est.); 13.1% of GDP (2016 est.)

Inflation rate

-0.9% (2017 est.)