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Libya is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), but since the beginning of the conflict, the drop in oil production has provided an opportunity for other OPEC countries, particularly Saudi Arabia, to increase crude oil production to make up for the reduction in Libyan production. However, OPEC’s agreement in November 2016 to limit production in a bid to increase oil prices has been frustrated by Libya’s recovering oil sector.

Since winning the Arabic Booker in 2009, he has emerged as one of the most outspoken critics of religious extremism and cultural decline in Egypt. His voice is one among a growing number in Egypt calling for cultural change, change that can only happen if Egyptians begin to question dearly held beliefs, especially religious ones.

According to The Central Bank: the crisis was the result of ‘political division and the deterioration of the security situation by the end of 2014 and the inability of the state security institutions to impose their control on the security situation’.

Following the fall of the regime, rap exploded. Rap was featured in patriotic songs, political shows and even a yoghurt commercial. The country was experiencing a wave of freedom of expression, and rappers, like many other artists, used it to express themselves without any noticeable objection from the authorities.

Fanack launched chronicle.fanack.com, the Chronicle of the Middle East & North Africa, in September 2011. The website, which provides analysis and fact-based information about the region, grew rapidly in breadth and depth and today forms a rich and valuable source of information on 20 countries, from Morocco to Oman and from Iran to Yemen.

Fanack is an independent online media organization committed to publishing and disseminating balanced and informed analysis about the Middle East and North Africa.

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Fanack Water provides accessible, well-researched information on the state of water resources in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region through peer-reviewed country files and special reports, as well as interviews and opinion pieces on latest developments in the water sector of each MENA country.

Fanack provides comprehensive, balanced and thoroughly researched information in Arabic and English about history, politics, water, energy, economic development and social issues in 21 middle-eastern and north-african countries