Political leadership
President Barham Saleh (since 2 October 2018)
Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi (since 7 May 2020)
Land
Total 438,317 sq km;
Land 437,367 sq km;
Water 950 sq Km; (country comparison to the world: 60)
Boundaries
Total 3,809 km
Border countries
| Iran |
1,599 km |
Jordan |
179 km |
Kuwait |
254 km |
| Saudi Arabia |
811 km |
Syria |
599 km |
Turkey |
367 km |
Coastline
58 km
Population
37,056,169 million (2015 est.) (country comparison to the world: 37)
Age structure
0-14 years: 40.3% 15-64 years: 56.4% 65+ 3.3% (2015 est.)
Population growth rate
2.93% (2015 est.)
Urbanisation
Urban population: 69.5% of total population (2015) rate of urbanisation: 3% annual rate of change (2010-2015 est.)
Major cities
Baghdad (capital) 6.64 million; Mosul 1.7 million; Erbil 1.17 million; Basra 1.02 million; Sulaymaniya 1 million; Najaf 889,000 (2015)
Ethnic groups
Arab 75-80%, Kurdish 15-20%, Turkoman, Assyrian or other 5%
Religions
Muslim (official) 99 % (Shia 60-65%, Sunni 32-37 %), Christian or other 1%
Languages
Arabic (official), Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Turkmen (Turkish dialect), Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic), Armenian
Literacy
(Age 15+ Can Read and Write) total population: 79.7% male 85.7% female: 73.7% (2015 est.)
Real GDP
$212.27 billion (2017); $213.94 billion (2016)
GDP growth
-0.78% (2017); 11% (2016)
GDP per capita
$5,545.9 (2017 est.); $5,750.6 (2016 est.)
Unemployment rate (of labour force)
16.1% (2017 est.)
Population below poverty line
2.5% (2012 est.)
Public debt
57.8% of GDP (2017 est.); 64.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Inflation rate
0.1% (2017)
